EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES

Explanatory　Notes on Main Statistical　Indicators

Economically Active Population

refers to the population aged 16 and over who are capable to work, are participating in or willing to participate in economic activities, including employed persons and unemployed persons.

Employed　Persons

refers　to　the　persons　who are engaged　in　social　labour　and receive remuneration payment or earn business income，including：total　staff　and　workers, re-employed retirees, employers of private enterprises, self-employed workers, employees in　private　enterprises and individual economy, employees in the township enterprises, employed persons in the rural areas, other employed persons (including teachers in the schools run by the local people, people engaged in religious profession and the servicemen, etc.). This　indicator　reflects　the　actual　utilization　of　total　labour　force　during　a　certain　period　of　time　and　is　often　used　for　the　research　on China’s　economic　situation　and　national power．

Persons　Employed　in　Various　Units

refer　to　all the persons working　in　government　agencies　of　various　levels，　political　and　party　organizations，　social　organizations，enterprises　and　institutions,　and receiving　wages or other forms of payment.　They include　fully-employed staff and workers，　re-employed　retirees，　teachers in schools run by the local people，foreigners and Chinese　compatriots　from　Hong　Kong，　Macao，and　Taiwan　working　in　various　units, part-time employees, employees of other units working temporarily at current posts, and employees holding the second job, but exclude staff and workers who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract (employment relation) unchanged．This　indicator　reflects　the　total　number of laborers　actually　engaged　in　production　or　other　operations　in　various　units.

Persons Employed in Private Enterprises and Self-Employed Individuals in Urban Areas

Persons employed in private enterprises refer to the persons employed in the private enterprises which have been registered at the departments of industrial and commercial administration and are situated at a county town (i.e. a town where the county government is located) for business operation or at urban areas with the level higher than a county town. The self-employed individuals in urban areas refer to persons who hold the certificates of residence in urban areas or have resided in the urban areas for a long time and have been registered at the departments of industrial and commercial administration and approved to be engaged in individual industrial or commercial business, including self-employed persons as well as helpers and hired labourers who work in the individual households engaged in industrial or commercial business.

Registered Urban Unemployed Persons

The registered unemployed persons in urban areas refer to the persons who are registered as permanent residents in the urban areas engaged in non-agricultural activities, aged within the range of working age, capable to labour, unemployed but desirous to be employed and have been registered at the local employment service agencies to apply for a job.

Registered Urban Unemployment Rate

Registered unemployment rate in urban areas refers to the ratio of the number of the registered unemployed persons to the sum of the number of employed persons and the registered unemployed persons . The formula is as follows:

Registered urban unemployment rate = number of registered urban unemployed persons � (number of urban employed persons + number of registered urban unemployed persons) � 100%

Staff　and　Workers

refer　to　the　persons who　work　in（and　receive　payment　therefrom）enterprises　and　institutions　of　state　ownership，　collective　ownership，　joint　ownership，　share　holding，　foreign　ownership，　and　ownership　by　entrepreneurs　from　Hong　Kong，　Macao，　and　Taiwan，　and　other　types of ownership　and　their　affiliated　units，excluding the retired persons invited to work in the units again, teachers in the schools run by the local people and foreigners and persons coming from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and working in the state-owned economic units. (Number of staff and workers in this yearbook include only fully employed staff and workers, excluding those who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract/employment relation unchanged)．

Fully Employed Staff and Workers

refer to persons who work in, and receive wages from their working units, as well as persons who have their work posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick, injury or maternal leave and still receive wages from their working units.

Staff and Workers in State-owned Economic Units

refer to the persons who work in the state-owned economic units or their attached units and are listed in their payrolls.Staff and Workers　of　Collective Owned　Units　in　Urban　Areasrefer　to　the persons　who　work　in　collective　owned　units　in　urban　areas　and　their　administration　departments and　receive　payment　therefrom．

Staff and Workers in　Units　of　Other　types of Ownership

refer　to　those　who　work　in（and　receive　payment　therefrom）enterprises　and　institutions　of　joint　ownership，　share　holding，　foreign　ownership，　and　ownership　by　entrepreneurs from　Hong　Kong，　Macao，　and　Taiwan．

Total　Wages　of　Staff　and　Workers

refer　to　the total　remuneration　payment　to　staff　and workers　in　various　units　during　a　certain　period　of　time．The　calculation　of　total　wages　is　based　on　the　total　remuneration　payment　to the staff and workers. Therefore，　all the wages　and　salaries　and　other　payments　to　staff　and workers are included in the total wages regardless　of　their sources，　category，　and forms (in　kind　or　cash)．(Total wages of staff and workers in this yearbook include only total wages of fully employed staff and workers, excluding the living allowances distributed to those who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract/employment relation unchanged)．

Bonus

refers　to　remuneration　payment　to　workers　for　extra　work　and for increasing earnings and practicing economy．

Subsidies　and　Allowances

refer　to　subsidies　paid　to　staff　and　workers　for　compensating　special　or　extra　labour　and　allowances paid　to　staff　and　workers　to　offset　the　impact　of　inflation　on　real　wages．

Average　Wage　of　Staff　and　Workers

refers　to　the　average　wage　in　money　terms　per　person　during　a　certain　period　of　time　for　staff　and workers　in　enterprises，　institutions，　and　government　agencies，　which　reflects　the　general　level　of　wage　income　during　a　certain　period　of　time　and　is　calculated　as　follows：

Average　Wage　of　Staff and　Workers＝Total　Wages　of　Staff　and　Workers

in　Reference　Period / Average　Number　of　Staff　and　Workers　in　Reference　Period

Average　Real　Wage　of　Staff　and　Workersrefers　to　average　wage　of　staff　and　workers　after　removing　the　effects of　price changes，　which　is　calculated　as　follows：

Average　Real　Wage　of　Staff and　Workers　＝Average　Wage　of　Staff　and　Workers　in　Reference　Period / Consumer Price Index　of　Urban Residents　in　Reference　Period